Sharepoint 2010 Install - Service Pack Install - SharePoint Products Config Errors

Service Accounts:

1. AdminSvcAccount - To Install the SP 2010 and any other Cumulative/Security Updates.
2. FarmSvcAccount - To run the SharePoint Configuration Wizard and The Database Setup Account.
3. UserProfSvcAccount - User Profile Service Account
4. ApplPoolSvcAccount - Application Pool Account
5. SearchSvcAccount - Search Service Account [Full Read Permission]
6. ContentSvcAccount - SharePoint Foundation Search

http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc262243.aspx

Important:

The server farm account is used to create and access your configuration database. It also acts as the application pool identity account for the SharePoint Central Administration application pool, and it is the account under which the Microsoft SharePoint Foundation Workflow Timer service runs. The SharePoint Products Configuration Wizard adds this account to the SQL Server Login accounts, the SQL Server dbcreator server role, and the SQL Serversecurityadmin server role. The user account that you specify as the service account must be a domain user account, but it does not need to be a member of any specific security group on your front-end Web servers or your database servers. We recommend that you follow the principle of least privilege and specify a user account that is not a member of the Administrators group on your front-end Web servers or your database servers.

1. SVC_SQL SQL Server Service Account Domain user account. 

   Identity of the MSSQLSERVER and SQLSERVERAGENT services on DB Server

2. SP_Admin Setup user account. 

    Used to perform installs and apply updates Domain user account.

    Should be a member of the local Administrators group on SP Server. 

    Should have securityadmin and dbcreator roles on the SQL server on DB Server. 

3. SP_Farm Database access account (aka Farm Admin Account). Domain user account. 

    Should be a member of     the local Administrators group on SP Server and DB Server. 

4.  SP_Search Search service account Domain user account. 

5.  SP_Content Search content access account Domain user account. 

6.   SP_App_Pool Used for application pool identity for the web application. Domain user account. 

7.   SP_User_Profile User Profile service account. 

      Used for user profile synchronization with AD. Domain user account.

     Requires "Replicating Directory Changes" permission on the domain in Active Directory.

8. Any other ports needed should be opened for any reporting services.

Username	Purpose	Description
SVC_SQL	SQL Server Service Account	Domain user account. Identity of the MSSQLSERVER and SQLSERVERAGENT services on SQLSERVER Box
SP_Admin	Setup user account. Used to perform installs and apply updates	Domain user account. Should be a member of the local Administrators group on SP Box. Should have securityadmin and dbcreator roles on the SQL Server of SQL Box.
SP_Farm	Database access account (aka Farm Admin Account).	Domain user account. Should be a member of the local Administrators group on SP Box and SQL Box.
SP_Search	Search service account	Domain user account.
SP_Content	Search content access account	Domain user account.
SP_App_Pool	Used for application pool identity for the web application.	Domain user account.
SP_User_Profile	User Profile service account. Used for user profile synchronization with AD.	Domain user account. Requires “Replicating Directory Changes” permission on the domain in Active Directory.

More Info @ 9.3 Creating several service accounts - about least priviliege administration policy
of  
http://mosshowto.blogspot.com/2009/11/installing-sharepoint-2010-windows-2008.html
SharePoint 2010 Install Guide:

http://mosshowto.blogspot.com/2009/11/installing-sharepoint-2010-windows-2008.html

Failed to Create Configuration Database - SQLServer, Port
Few Companies don't open default 1433 SQL Server port for Security Reasons and hence we need to configure the port in ODBC at C:\Windows\SysWOW64\odbca32 and configure to the port they give us.
http://globalitlinks.blogspot.com/2011/08/failed-to-create-configuration-database.html

Active Directory
http://alipka.wordpress.com/2010/05/13/the-given-key-was-not-present-in-the-dictionary-issue-in-sharepoint-2010-rtm/

http://wellytonian.com/2011/07/sharepoint-2010-service-pack-1-installation-steps/

Error while configuring SharePoint Configuration Wizard:

 An exception of type System.MissingMethodException was thrown. Additional exception information: Method not found: 'System.String Microsoft.SharePoint.Administration.SPSqlConnectionString.GetWYukonSafeConnectionString(System.String)'.

1. Go to Bin Folder and Run PSConfigUI as Administartor

Resources:
psconfig -cmd upgrade -inplace b2b –force
http://community.corasworks.net/blogs.aspx?CWFrameSource=http://community.corasworks.net/blogs/fromthefield/archive/2011/08/30/sharepoint-products-configuration-wizard-may-fail-after-installing-sharepoint-2010-sp1-or-cumulative-updates.aspx

http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/sharepoint/ff800847

Steps:
1. SharePoint 2010 Foundation SP1
2. SharePoint Server 2010 SP1
3. SharePoint Server CU
4. Run Wizard as Admin
5. Start User Profile Synchronization Service

Update 1:

An exception of type Microsoft.SharePoint.PostSetupConfiguration.PostSetupConfigurationTaskException was thrown. 

Additional exception information: An error has occurred while validating the configuration settings. 

Resolution: Add all the service accounts in Administrator Group and Run the PSConfig via powershell in the Central Admin Server and Just run the Wizard in the other servers.